구조 내 구조(또는) 중첩 구조
다른 구조 내부의 구조를 중첩 구조라고 합니다.
다음 예를 고려하십시오.
struct emp{ int eno; char ename[30]; float sal; float da; float hra; float ea; }e;
허용 범위에 속하는 모든 항목은 다음과 같이 하위 구조로 함께 그룹화되고 선언될 수 있습니다.
stuct emp{ int eno; char ename[30]; float sal; struct allowance{ float da; float hra; float ea; }a; }e;
중첩 구조에서 가장 안쪽의 멤버는 도트 연산자를 사용하여 해당 멤버와 관련된 모든 구조 변수(가장 바깥쪽에서 안쪽으로)를 변경하여 액세스할 수 있습니다.
프로그램
다음 프로그램은 중첩 구조(구조 내 구조)를 시연하는 것입니다. −
#include<stdio.h> //Declaring outer and inter structures// struct Person//Main Structure//{ char Name[500]; int Age; char Gender; char temp;//To clear buffer// struct Address//Nested Structure//{ char Apartment[500]; char Street[500]; char City[100]; char State[100]; int Zipcode; }a[20];//Nested Structure Variable// }p[20];//Main Structure Variable// void main(){ //Declaring variable for For loop// int i; //Reading User I/p// for (i=1;i<3;i++){//Declaring function to accept 2 people's data// printf("Enter the Name of person %d : ",i); gets(p[i].Name); printf("Enter the Age of person %d : ",i); scanf("%d",&p[i].Age); scanf("%c",&p[i].temp);//Clearing Buffer// printf("Enter the Gender of person %d : ",i); scanf("%c",&p[i].Gender); scanf("%c",&p[i].temp);//Clearing Buffer// printf("Enter the City of person %d : ",i); gets(p[i].a[i].City); printf("Enter the State of person %d : ",i); gets(p[i].a[i].State); printf("Enter the Zip Code of person %d : ",i); scanf("%d",&p[i].a[i].Zipcode); scanf("%c",&p[i].temp);//Clearing Buffer// } //Printing O/p// for (i=1;i<3;i++){ printf("The Name of person %d is : %s\n",i,p[i].Name); printf("The Age of person %d is : %d\n",i,p[i].Age); printf("The Gender of person %d is : %c\n",i,p[i].Gender); printf("The City of person %d is : %s\n",i,p[i].a[i].City); printf("The State of person %d is : %s\n",i,p[i].a[i].State); printf("The Zip code of person %d is : %d\n",i,p[i].a[i].Zipcode); } }
출력
Enter the Name of person 1 : Enter the Age of person 1 : Enter the Gender of person 1 : Enter the City of person 1 : Enter the State of person 1 : Enter the Zip Code of person 1 : Enter the Name of person 2 : Enter the Age of person 2 : Enter the Gender of person 2 : Enter the City of person 2 : Enter the State of person 2 : Enter the Zip Code of person 2 : The Name of person 1 is : The Age of person 1 is : 0 The Gender of person 1 is : The City of person 1 is : The State of person 1 is : The Zip code of person 1 is : 0 The Name of person 2 is : The Age of person 2 is : 0 The Gender of person 2 is : The City of person 2 is : The State of person 2 is : The Zip code of person 2 is : 0