Excel 전문가가 되기 위한 필수 Excel 기술

Excel 사용을 막 시작했든 한동안 사용해 왔든 Excel에 대해 알아야 할 몇 가지 필수 기술이 있습니다. 가장 좋은 작업 방법, 피해야 할 특정 함정, 다른 사람들에게 깊은 인상을 줄 수 있는 것 (특히 상사).

이 기사에서는 초보자로 시작하거나 숙련된 사용자로서 생산성을 높이는 데 도움이 될 몇 가지 최고의 힌트와 팁을 포함하여 Excel에 대해 알아야 할 28가지 필수 기술에 대해 설명합니다.

숙련해야 하는 28가지 필수 Excel 기술

Microsoft Excel에서는 배울 수 있는 수많은 기술을 얻을 수 있습니다. 그러나 여기에서는 일상 생활에 도움이 될 수 있는 30가지 필수 Excel 기술에 대해 설명합니다. 다양한 문제를 처리하면서 큰 가치를 제공합니다. 30가지 필수 Excel 기술을 모두 주의 깊게 따르십시오.

1. PDF로 변환

고객에게 Excel 스프레드시트나 보고서를 자주 보내야 할 수도 있지만 고객이 모든 데이터와 수식을 보기를 원하십니까? 아마 아닐 것입니다.

사람들이 스프레드시트에서 내용을 보고 변경하지 못하도록 하는 방법은 여러 가지가 있지만(내용을 숨기거나, 보호하거나 서식을 지정하여 값을 가장할 수 있음) 약간의 노하우만 있으면 이러한 모든 방법을 우회할 수 있습니다. .

다른 모든 것과 마찬가지로 가장 간단한 경로가 가장 좋은 경우가 많습니다. 다른 사람이 데이터를 변경하지 못하도록 하려면 스프레드시트를 PDF로 변환하여 보내면 됩니다. Excel 문서를 PDF 파일로 변환하는 것은 간단하며 모든 최신 Excel 버전은 추가 소프트웨어 없이도 수행할 수 있습니다.

이와 관련하여 도움이 필요한 경우(또는 유사한 팁과 요령을 찾고 있는 경우) Activia Training은 웹사이트에 몇 가지 훌륭한 튜토리얼과 방법 동영상이 있는 새로운 섹션을 시작했습니다.

자세히 알아보기: 102가지 유용한 Excel 공식 치트 시트 PDF(무료 다운로드 시트) 

2. 채우기 기능 사용

하나의 통합 문서에 12개월의 복잡한 계정을 보관해야 한다고 가정해 보겠습니다. 12개의 시트를 만들고 1월부터 12월까지 이름을 지정하고 1월 시트를 레이아웃 및 형식화한 다음 스프레드시트를 복사하여 나머지 11개 시트에 붙여넣습니다.

이것은 지루한 방법이며 데이터를 잘못 붙여넣으면 나중에 요약 시트를 빠르게 생성하지 못할 수도 있습니다. 실제로 이를 수행하는 가장 좋은 방법은 Excel의 "Fill Across Sheets" 도구를 사용하는 것입니다. 채우기 기능을 사용하면 하나의 시트를 여러 다른 시트에 빠르고 정확하게 복제할 수 있습니다.

이 기능을 사용하는 데 추가 도움이 필요한 경우 Tom의 블로그에 훌륭한 단계별 자습서가 있습니다.

자세히 보기:Excel 셀에 값 대신 수식을 표시하는 방법(6가지 방법)

3. 명명된 범위 사용

3개의 개별 시트에 3개의 다른 범위를 합한 공식이 있습니다.

그리고 같은 일을 하는 또 다른 것:

단 3.5시간 만에 Excel 수식 및 함수를 마스터하세요!

내 무료 과정 Udemy에서

Excel 수식 치트 시트를 사용한 Excel 수식 및 함수

어느 것을 더 선호 해? 개인적으로 두 번째 것이 훨씬 이해하기 쉽고 생성하기도 훨씬 쉽기 때문에 좋아합니다. 데이터 범위를 선택하기 위해 다른 시트로 이동할 필요가 없었습니다.

두 번째 공식은 소위 명명된 범위를 사용합니다. 명명된 범위(또는 정의된 이름)는 단일 셀 또는 셀 범위에 적용되며 수식에서 볼 수 있듯이 셀 또는 범위 주소를 직접 대체하는 데 사용할 수 있습니다.

명명된 범위도 본질적으로 절대적이므로 참조를 고정하기 위해 달러 기호가 필요하지 않습니다. 명명된 범위는 기본적으로 전역적입니다. 따라서 한 시트에 명명된 범위를 만들면 다른 시트에서 해당 이름을 사용할 수 있으며 항상 원래 위치를 참조합니다.

4. 데이터세트 형식 지정

스프레드시트를 만든 후에는 데이터를 입력하거나 데이터를 검토하는 두 가지 작업 중 하나를 수행해야 합니다. 글꼴, 크기 및 색상의 확산은 이 두 가지 모두에 도움이 되지 않습니다.

스프레드시트를 더 쉽게 이해하려면 하나의 글꼴을 선택하고 그대로 사용하세요. 강조 표시(굵게 또는 기울임꼴)를 사용하여 머리글과 데이터 간의 차이점을 강조 표시하고 밝은 셀 색상을 사용하여 요약 행과 수식을 선택합니다.

마지막으로 마지막까지 모든 서식을 그대로 두십시오. 서식이 없는 작업 스프레드시트는 보기에 좋지 않을 수 있지만 작동합니다. 그러나 훌륭해 보이는 미완성 스프레드시트는 쓸모가 없습니다.

5. 올바른 레이아웃 선택

당연한 것 같지만 많은 사람들이 Excel을 열고 입력을 시작하고 최고가 되기를 바랍니다. 그러나 스프레드시트 만들기를 시작하기 전에 약간의 계획을 세워야 합니다. 일반적으로 우리는 스프레드시트에 입력해야 하는 데이터를 이해하는 경향이 있지만 실제로 스프레드시트에서 얻고자 하는 것은 거의 생각하지 않습니다.

스프레드시트에서 얻고자 하는 것이 무엇인지 잘 생각하고 이를 달성할 수 있는 방식으로 스프레드시트를 배치하세요.

6. 작업 보호

완벽한 스프레드시트를 디자인하는 데 많은 어려움을 겪었으므로 마지막으로 필요한 것은 누군가가 스프레드시트를 열고 실수로 수식을 덮어쓰거나 변경해서는 안 되는 항목을 변경하는 것입니다. 그리고 여기에 보호가 필요합니다.

Excel에는 작업을 보호하고 사용자가 변경할 수 있는 항목을 제어하기 위한 몇 가지 훌륭한 도구가 있습니다. 수식 셀을 보호하여 변경되지 않도록 하거나, 열 또는 행의 크기 조정을 중지하거나, 시트를 추가 또는 삭제하여 사용자가 통합 문서의 구조를 변경하지 못하도록 할 수도 있습니다. 고급 수준에서는 특정 사용자만 특정 지역을 수정하도록 허용할 수도 있습니다.

7. 키보드 단축키 사용

대부분의 사람들은 Excel에서 작업을 수행하려고 할 때 마우스를 사용하지만 몇 가지 키보드 단축키를 사용하면 작업 속도를 높이고 많은 시간을 절약할 수 있습니다. . 다음은 시작하는 데 도움이 되는 몇 가지 사항입니다.

8. 자동 채우기로 시간 절약

수식을 입력하고 인접한 셀에서 같은 것을 사용해야 합니까? 수식을 다시 입력하는 대신 자동 채우기를 사용할 수 있습니다. 자동 채우기를 사용하면 세로 또는 가로로 한 셀의 값을 인접한 많은 셀로 빠르게 복사할 수 있습니다.

수식뿐만 아니라 자동 채우기를 사용하여 일, 월 목록을 빠르게 만들거나 나만의 목록을 만들 수도 있습니다. 또한 자동 채우기는 날짜와 숫자를 자동으로 증가시켜 처리 시간을 많이 절약해 줍니다.

9. 대규모 데이터 세트 분석

Excel의 주요 작업 중 하나는 데이터를 구성하는 것이며, 백만 개 이상의 행을 처리할 수 있는 새 버전의 Excel을 사용하면 많은 데이터. 그리고 이 데이터에서 복잡한 질문에 대한 답을 얻어야 할 때 필요한 모든 도구가 있습니다.

Pivot tables can be scary beasts to the uninitiated, but once you understand how they work, you will quickly see how easy they can be and how useful they are at summarizing and organizing data. And all this with just a few clicks!

10. Customizing Ribbon

I love the ribbon, but it can be a bit irritating having to switch from one tab to the other to find the commands you want to use. The good news is that since Excel 2010 we have been able to customize the ribbon. You can add your own custom tabs and then drop onto it a selection of the commands that you use the most frequently, which could even include macros.

11. Creating Charts

Your boss doesn’t want to see a table full of data for the past year’s sales, they want to see trends, the number of products sold each month, or the average customer evaluation results in graphical form.

Graphs and charts can be quite complex if you want them to be, but a basic chart can be produced in literally a couple of clicks, and the latest versions of Excel make it very easy to try out different charts and formats as well.

12. Using Array Formulas

If you need to do calculations on multiple ranges and don’t want to go to the trouble of adding lots of redundant columns, array formulas are the answer. They can be quite complex and impenetrable, but they can also save you lots of time and, as a bonus, impress your colleagues.

13. Using Custom Views

How often have you carefully set up a spreadsheet for printing, got the page breaks just right, scaled it correctly, added headers and footers, and then had to change it all again to print out a different region?  It can be really frustrating to set up a spreadsheet for printing time and time again, and this is where custom views can help.

A custom view will record all of your current print settings and allow you to re-apply them instantly at a later stage. As well as print settings, they can record filters and hidden rows and columns.

14. Grouping and Outlining

If you have a lot of columns or rows on your spreadsheet, it can be a bit of a chore constantly scrolling left and right or up and down to get to the point where you want to be, only to then have to go back to where you started. Grouping and outlining can help with this by allowing you to quickly expand and collapse a number of rows or columns instantly. It’s like a super hide/unhide feature and once you understand it, it’s very easy to apply.

15. Locking Headers

How often have you found yourself on row 987 of your spreadsheet only to realize that you can’t remember what the values in the columns are? This is a common problem, especially when you have to work with a number of columns with similar values.

The answer to this problem is to lock or freeze your header row or columns. Excel makes it very easy to ‘freeze’ the top rows or first column of your spreadsheet, so as you scroll, the headers will always be visible.

16. Automating Complex Tasks with Macros

Macros are an incredibly useful and powerful tool in Excel. With macros, you can make Excel do things that it can’t do already, or take those tasks that take you an hour to complete and do them in a couple of seconds.

Although macros can be very complex and the programming side can take a bit of learning, it is possible to create useful and time-saving macros without knowing anything about programming. If you want to give it a try, there’s a more detailed guide on the How-To Geek blog. Or you can use ExcelDemy.com’s complete step-by-step guide on Excel VBA .

17. Automating Sub-totals

One of the most common tasks in Excel is to add subtotals to a column of values, for example, if you have a sheet full of sales data and you want to show how much of each product was sold. In this case, you could insert new rows after a group of products and then sum the values above, and then repeat the process for each product.

I have come across people who spend hours each month doing just that, which is a huge time-waster. The sub-totals tool will do the same job in seconds and, when you’re finished, it can also remove the totals just as quickly, leaving your spreadsheet exactly as it was.

18. Filtering Data

Filtering is one of the 30 essential Excel skills. When you are dealing with large sets of data, you often only need to look at a particular subset of that data. Rather than searching for the data by scrolling up and down, the smart solution is to filter your database.

Filtering using auto-filter is quick and easy and will allow you to get the data you are interested in inefficiently. Recent versions of Excel also have lots of pre-set filters to quickly find text, numbers, and date ranges.

19. Data Sorting

In Microsoft Excel, you can sort your dataset into order. Using the sorting process, you can sort your data in ascending or descending order. While sorting, we need to check whether the sorting is correct or not. To sort the data, we need to go to the Data tab on the ribbon. Then, from the Sort &Filter group, you will get the Sort 옵션. For basic sorting, we can use the A to Z sorting which means lowest to highest, and Z to A sorting which means highest to lowest.

After clicking the Sort option, you will see the following three options.

• Sort by: it denotes the column which is the base of sorting.
• Sort On :This section provides you with four different options:cell values, cell color, font color, and conditional formatting icon.
• Order: In this section, you can get three options:ascending order, descending order, and custom list.

When you utilize the ascending order, then, you will get the following result where the data is sorted from A to Z.

When you utilize the descending order, then, you will get the following result where the data is sorted from Z to A.

20. Using Pivot Table

The pivot table is one of the most valuable assets in Excel. This illustrates the best possible ways to analyze data. By using the pivot table, you can prepare a summary of a large dataset.

To create a pivot table, select the range of cells. Then, go to the Insert tab on the ribbon. After that, from the Tables group, select the Pivot Table .

As a result, you will get the PivotTable from table or range dialog box where you need to select the range of cells or the range of cells may appear automatically if you select it before applying the pivot table. Then, choose the place where you want to put your pivot table. Finally, click on OK to apply.

After that, the PivotTable Fields will appear where you can select the fields through which you want to create the pivot table.

Finally, you will get the required pivot table that summarizes the large dataset and provides a well-established summary. That’s why the pivot table is one of the most valuable Excel skills in your day-to-day life.

21. Learn to Use SUMIF/SUMIFS Functions

In terms of calculating the summation of some numbers sometimes we may need to apply conditions or criteria. MS Excel helps us with these kinds of problems by providing another powerful function named SUMIF 기능. But when you want to evaluate the sum of the range of cells under multiple conditions, you need to use the SUMIFS function instead of the SUMIF function . Both of these functions help you to get the sum of a given range of cells.

22. Learn to Use COUNTIF/COUNTIFS Functions

In Microsoft Excel, the COUNTIF function is widely used to count cells with a given condition or criterion. In this function, you need to define the range and criterion. Using these inputs, the function returns the output of the total number of cells that meets the criterion. Whereas, you can use the COUNTIFS function to count the number of cells satisfying one or more criteria from any range of cells in Excel. This function Returns the total number of values in the array that maintain all the given criteria

23. Data Validation

When we want to limit input to a cell or a range, then we use Data Validation. This feature is most useful in times of data collection. This ensures the data is error-free. For example, if we want to record the age of Students in a cell range, then we can set the Data Validation to be numerical values only. Moreover, we can set upper and lower limits for a particular type of data and it will not accept any values beyond that. Additionally, Excel allows us to enter custom functions to achieve complex conditions using this feature.

To open data validation, you need to go to the Data tab on the ribbon. Then, select the Data Validation option from the Data Tools 그룹.

As a result, the data validation dialog box will appear where you can add validation criteria.

24. Moving Columns to Rows

Another important Excel skill is to move the column to rows. Sometimes, you have data in columns that need to be rotated in rows. In that case, you can use the transpose feature.

Then, copy the column headers cell C4 to cell F4 . After that, select a new cell where you want to paste it as a transposed format. Right-click on a cell and a Context Menu will appear. From there, click on the transpose option.

Finally, after doing some modifications, we get the following result. See the screenshot.

25. IF Formula

In Microsoft Excel, the IF function is used to check if a condition is met and then the defined statements will be shown based on the given condition. Otherwise, it will show blank or false. Using the IF formula, you can easily set the criterion, if it meets the criterion then it returns a certain value. Otherwise, it returns another value. For example, you have a dataset that includes the sales target and sales achieved column. By using the IF function, you can set a criterion if the sales achieved are greater than the sales target then, it returns achieved. Otherwise, it returns not achieved. This function is one of the most essential Excel skills in our day-to-day life.

26. Apply Conditional Formatting

When you format a cell or more than one cell based on some conditions, that is conditional formatting. For example, you have a dataset in Excel. The dataset has some numbers in some cells. You need to format the cells with a Red background color that has values less than zero. Here the condition part is:if the numbers are less than zero and the format part is:fill those cells with the Red background color. You can do it manually, find out the cells that have values that are less than zero and make their background color Red. If your worksheet has 10-15 numbers, manual formatting is not the worst job, otherwise, you will use Excel’s conditional formatting feature. To do the conditional formatting, go to the Home tab on the ribbon. From the Styles group, select the Conditional Formatting drop-down option.

Then, you will get several conditional formatting options from the drop-down option. Select your preferred option to do conditional formatting.

27. Find and Replace Option

The find and Replace option is another essential skill in Microsoft Excel where you can find a certain value or text and replace it with a certain value or text on all other worksheets. This skill saves a lot of time because you don’t need to find value manually. First, go to the Home tab on the ribbon. Then, select Find &Select drop-down option from the Editing 그룹.

After that, select Replace from the Find &Select drop-down.

As a result, the Find and Replace dialog box will appear. First, write what you want to find and what you want to replace it with. Then, set the search with a sheet or workbook.

28. Paste Special Option

The paste special option is a part of 30 essential Excel skills. This option helps you to get total command of how you want to paste your values. Let’s say you have cell values where you applied formulas previously. But now, you want to paste it as a value. In that case, the paste special option helps you to solve this issue. First, copy the cell values in your dataset. Then, go to the Home tab on the ribbon. Then, select the Paste drop-down option from the Clipboard 그룹.

As a result, the Paste Special dialog box will appear. Here, you get several paste options and operations. To paste only values, you need to select Values from this dialog box.

Essential Excel Skills for Accountants

While in terms of the accounting sector, Excel skills can be a vital part of the calculation. To be a well-known accountant, you need to have some basic Excel skills. You need to know all the previous 28 Excel-related essential skills. Besides those 28 skills, you need to master a few more skills to be an accountant.

1. What If Analysis

What-if analysis is a process through which you can see the outcome by changing any cell in the dataset. By using the what-if analysis in Excel, you can use several sets of values and get the desired outcome. For example, in the what-if analysis, you can calculate the total expenses of several houses and finally select your preferred house. That means, using the what-if analysis, you can establish a proper overview of all types of things and also denotes how it reacts in the future.

The main purpose of the what-if analysis in Excel is to determine the outcome in a statistical mood and do the risk assessment. The main advantage to use what-if analysis in Excel is that there is no need to create a new worksheet but we can get the final results for different inputs. There are three types of what-if analysis in Excel:Scenario , Goal Seek and Data Table . The scenario and data table take the input values and provide the possible outcome using these inputs. To get the What-If Analysis in Excel, you need to go to the Data tab on the ribbon. Then, from the Forecast group, select the What-If Analysis drop-down option.

2. Auditing Formulas

Accountants need to work with a large dataset where they apply several formulas to get the desired results. But in a large dataset, it is tough and time-consuming to check all the possible errors. In that case, you can use the formula auditing approach through which you can check whole dataset formulas. For small datasets, you can also use formula auditing. Formula auditing is an essential skill for accountants in the long run. To do formula auditing, first, go to the Formulas tab on the ribbon. Then, select the Error Checking option from the Formula Auditing 그룹.

3. Sparkline Charts

The sparkline chart helps you to embed charts in a cell. It provides the ability to consolidate a large amount of data into a single spreadsheet. The sparkline charts can be useful for data analysts and accountants to create a better spreadsheet with valuable information. The sparkline charts can be three different types:Line, Column, and Win/Loss. To use the sparkline charts, you need to select the range of numbers. Then, go to the Insert tab on the ribbon. After that, select the Sparklines drop-down option. From there, you can select any of the chart options.

Essential Excel Skills for Data Analyst

To become a data analyst, you have to have some specific Excel-related essential skills through which you can do the job. Before doing anything, you need to cover all the Excel skills that were discussed previously. Those skills are also valuable for a data analyst. After that, you need to cover the following skills also.

1. VLOOKUP Function

The VLOOKUP function can be a valuable asset for the data analyst. In the function, the lookup value can be a single value or an array of values. If you enter an array of values, the function will look for each of the values in the leftmost column and return the same row’s values from the specified column. In the case of data analysis, you need to take values from another table, the VLOOKUP function helps to do this.

2. FORMULATEXT Function

The use of the FORMULATEXT function can be another useful skill, you need to learn as a data analyst. As a data analyst, you need to work with lots of data where you have to utilize numerous formulas. After finishing the task to check the formula of a certain cell, in that case, the text formulas can be vital.

3. TRIM Function

While dealing with lots of data, sometimes you may face problems with having extra space. In that case, you have to use the TRIM function . The Excel TRIM function is categorized under the TEXT functions. It removes the extra spaces from a text string. It saves valuable time. Otherwise, you need to do it manually. Because of this extra space, the calculation can be different. So, the TRIM function is vital for a data analyst.

4. CONCATENATE Function

In data analysis, you need to split values from one cell to another cell. After completing the task, if you want to combine those values into one text value, the CONCATENATE function helps you to do so. It joins two or more text values or numbers into one single text value. That is why using this Excel function is essential for any data analyst.

5. LEN Function

When you need to count the character in cells, you need to utilize the LEN function . This function returns a number of characters in a text string. If any data analyst needs to count the character in one cell or multiple cells, he/she needs to use the LEN function effectively.

6. LEFT/RIGHT Function

When you take data from different sources, these data aren’t ready for analysis. The data analysts spend most of their time clearing data. By default, Excel calculates formulas from left to right. The LEFT function helps to pull a set of numbers from the left and the RIGHT function does the opposite.

7. Add Slicer in Pivot Table

The slicer helps to filter the pivot table and makes an excellent report. The data analysts use several slicers to filter several pivot tables and finally, provide a meaningful output. Slicers help to take your dataset to the next level through their unique functioning. That is why it is an essential Excel skill for data analysts.

8. IFERROR Function

Data analysts use the IFERROR function to handle and eliminate errors from the given formulas. IFERROR is categorized under the Logical functions in Excel. It returns an alternate value if a formula results in an error. It helps data analysts with various problems while dealing with a big dataset.

Essential Excel Skills for Business Analyst

To become a business analyst, you need to have several Excel-related skills through which you can do the job properly. You need to adapt all the possible Excel skills that we discussed previously. After that, you can focus on the following essential Excel skills.

1. Excel File Format

While using the Excel file, you may experience some file format-related issues. Some tools only take CSV files. Some clients may not accept macros Excel workbooks. In that, you need to be careful about the Excel file format which is one more preferable compared to others. Otherwise, you may face misunderstandings with customers.

2. Visualize Pattern in Data

One of the biggest roles of a business analyst is to visualize patterns in data. Then, provide an optimum decision that is good for both customer and their own business. To visualize patterns in the data, you need to have profound knowledge of Excel commands and Excel functions. All of these combine with you a better business analyst and help you to make correct decisions.

3. Understand Industry Specific Functionalities

To become a well-known business analyst, you need to understand industry-specific functionalities such as NPV, PMT, IRR, etc in Excel.  Otherwise, you can’t figure out what you need to do in some specific condition. The business analyst should be capable of using statistical distribution functions. The overall ability to understand all of these functions will make them better business analysts.

결론

Here, we have shown 28 essential Excel skills to become a professional Excel expert. All of these are fairly easy to use and user-friendly. These skills can solve lots of problems in your day-to-day life. In this article, we also discussed the possible Excel skills for business analysts, data analysts, and accountants. I hope you found this article exciting. If you have any further questions, feel free to ask in the comment box. Don’t forget to visit our Exceldemy 페이지.

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